Traditional House in Faizabad

Nawabi Bunglow of Faizabad (Uttar Pradesh)

FAIZABAD – A Historical Perspective

  • Faizabad comes into the ‘province of oudh’.
  • The city of Faizabad is 120 km from Lucknow near Ayodhya.
  • Ayodhya and Faizabad are called the twin city.
  • Ayodhya is famous for the birth place of lord Rama “RAM JANAM BHUMI”.
  • The city of Faizabad derives its name from the Mughal emperors.
  • The city is well recorded in Mughal times since it was largish settlements under their rule.
  • Safderjung consolidated the position of the “Nawab of Oudh”. His son Shuj-ud-daula was powerful enough to attract the attention of the east India company.
  • The Nawab and his successors  till Wajid Ali Shah were great patrons of art and architecture.
  • Nawab Asaf-ud-daula is responsible for the construction of the finest and grandest monuments in the city of Luckhnow and Faizabad.

BUNGALOWS IN FAIZABAD

  • Bungalow was the most common dwelling for Britishers in India.
  • Façade of bungalow reflected the hierarchy and life style of Britishers and Mughals.
  • Bungalow typology was colonial.
  • Bungalow style was Mughal.
  • Four centered arch and ornamentation reflecting the style of Mughal.
  • Bungalow were generally single storied raised on high plinth, with a flat or sloping roof and surrounded by deep verandah.
  • The sense of social distance was reinforced with an impressive entry, walls , gates and watchman.

VERANDAH

  • The main features of the bungalow which allowed to keep the inner air cooler were deep wide verandah on both side.
  • The rooms opened in to verandah and the doors and windows were louvered to allow cool breeze to come in.
  • Verandah with four centered arch creating monotony.

PORCH

  • A wide porch provided for the officers car.
  • Verandah connected to the porch with two step.
  • Porch connecting lawn to verandah.

CLIMATIC RESPONSE

  • Faizabad lies in composite climate.
  • Summer season
  • Hot and dry
  • Temperature rises up to 45 degree – April to june
  • Winter season – Days are pleasant – Day temp. 18-20 degree
  • Temperature goes down to 3-4 degree.
  • Precipitation occurs during June and September.
  • Annual mean rainfall – 101.65 mm
    • Response to Climatic Factors:
      • The building is oriented in east direction facilitate the winter sun.
      • Holy river “saryu” is 2 KM. Far from site.
      • No courtyard in house.
      • Different level terrace providing ventilator opening in rooms and hall.
      • House is compact in nature.
      • Walls are thick.

Colonial element and Mughal element are used in combination to create a hybrid architectural character creating the nawabi style.

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